Evaluación de explicaciones cognitivas en psicología
Resumen
The Assesment of cognitive explanations in psychology
Psychology is a unique scientific discipline due to its disagreements at different levels. This paper explores controversies on particular subjects within cognitive psychology. Comparing different explanations about the autistic spectrum, I will offer a tool that can help evaluate such explanations. I have called this tool a “box of virtues”, which contains a set of virtues divided into epistemic, analytical, pragmatic and political ones. Since the interest of the paper is not limited to discuss the different explanations concerning autism, but psychological theories at large, I will try to show that the box of virtues can be generalized and used as a tool to asses different explanations in cognitive psychology that share the same subject.
Key words: Scientific explanations, cognition, psychology, scientific disagreements, epistemic virtues, autism, reasoning.
Texto completo:
PDFReferencias
Asperger, H. (1944/2010), “Autistic psychopathy in childhood”, in U. Frith (ed.), Autism and Asperger syndrome. Cambridge: Cambridge Univ. Press, pp. 37-92.
Baron-Cohen, S., Leslie, A., Frith, U. (1985), “Does the autistic child have a “theory of mind”?” Cognition 21: 37-46.
Baron-Cohen, S. (2009), “Autism: the empathizing-systemizing (E-S) theory”, Annals of New York Academy of Sciences 1156: 68-80.
Cosmides, L., Tooby, J. (1992), “Cognitive adaptations for social exchange”, in J. Barkow, Cosmides, L., Tooby, J. (eds.), The Adapted Mind: Evolutionary Psychology and the Generation of Culture. New York: Oxford Univ. Press, pp. 163-228.
— (1996), “Are humans good statisticians after all? Rethinking some conclusions from the literature on judgment under uncertainty”, Cognition 58: 1-73.
— (1997), “Evolutionary psychology: a primer” en .
Evans, Jonathan (2007), Hypothetical Thinking: Dual Process in Reasoning and Judgment. New York: Psychology Press.
Frith, Uta (1989), Autism: Explaining the Enigma. Oxford: Blackwell.
— (2008), Autism. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
— (2010), “Asperger and his syndrome”, in U. Frith (ed.), Autism and Asperger Syndrome. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, pp. 1-36.
García, Jonatan (2009), Epistemología y psicología cognitiva. México: CEFPSVLTSEP.
Hadjikhani, N., Joseph, R., Snyder, J., Tager-Flusberg, H. (2006), “Anatomical differences in the mirror neuron system and social cognition network in autism”, Cerebral Cortex 17: 1276-1282.
Huang, X. (2008), “Dos acercamientos al problema del origen de la normatividad”, en Esteban, J. M., Martínez, S. (eds.), Normas y prácticas en la ciencia. México: UNAM, pp. 35-60.
Kahneman, D. Tversky, A. (1982), “Judgment under uncertainty: heuristics and biases”, in D. Kahneman, Slovic. P., Tversky, A. (eds.), Judgment Under Uncertainty: Heuristics and Biases. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, pp. 3-20.
Oberman, L., Hubbard, E., McCleery, J., Altschuler, E., Ramachandran, V., Pineda, J. (2005), “EEG evidence for mirror neurons dysfunction in autism spectrum disorders”, Cognitive Brain Research 24: 190-198.
Ozonoff, S., Pennington, C., Rogers, S. (1991), “Executive function deficits in high-functioning autistic individual: relationship to theory of mind”, The Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry 32: 1081-1105.
Pickering, A. (1999), “The mangle of practice. Agency and emergence of sociology of science”, in M. Biagioli, M (ed.), The Science Studies Reader, New York: Routledge, pp. 372-393.
Rizzolatti, G. Craighero, L. (2004), “The mirror neuron system”, Annual Review of Neuroscience 27: 169-192.
Stanovich, K., West, R. (2003), “Evolutionary versus instrumental goals: How evolutionary psychology misconceives human rationality”, in D. Over (ed.), Evolution and the Psychology of Thinking: The Debate. New York: Psychology Press, pp. 171-230.
Watson, J. (1913), “Psychology as the behaviorist views it” Psychological Review 20: 158-177.
Wing, L. (2010), “The relationship between Asperger’s syndrome and Kanner’s autism”, in U. Frith (ed.), Autism and Asperger syndrome. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, pp. 93-121.
Enlaces refback
- No hay ningún enlace refback.
Revista semestral editada por el Centro de Estudios Filosóficos, Políticos
y Sociales Vicente Lombardo Toledano de la Secretaría de Educación Pública,
la Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Iztapalapa y Edicions UIB de la Universitat de les Illes Balears.
Lombardo Toledano 51, Col. Ex-Hda. Guadalupe Chimalistac,
Del. Alvaro Obregón, C.P. 01050, México, D.F.
Tels. (5255) 5661-4679 y 5661-4987
Fax: (5255) 5661-1787