Cognición y computadores en las prácticas científicas: La mente científica extendida
Resumen
Cognition and computers in scientific practice: the extended scientific mind.
The analysis of scientific practices has unavoidable cognitive aspects. Studies on cognitive anthropology can give us new insights into the role of the material and artefactual environment on the cognitive activities of the human beings. From the point of view of the distributed cognition approach, we propose a research about the cognitive functions carried out by computers on scientific practices. The question is to clarify whether computers are just fast calculation tools for scientists or, otherwise, computational possibilities can transform, on an epistemically relevant way, the scientists’s cognitive strategies and skills. A case study on evolutionary simulation models is analyzed to exemplify the epistemic enhancement that new scientific methodologies based on computational simulation models offer to scientific practices.
Key words: Computer simulation, scientific practices, distributed cognition, extended mind, evolutionary simulation models, model-based reasoning.
Texto completo:
PDFReferencias
Bedau, M. A. (1997), “Emergent models of supple dynamics in life and mind,” Brain and Cognition 34: 5-27.
Bedau, M. A. (1998), “Philosophical content and method of artificial life,” in T. W. Bynam y J. H. Moor (eds.), The Digital Phoenix: How Computers are Changing Philosophy (pp. 135-152). Portland: Basil Blackwell.
Beer, R. (2000), “Dynamical approaches to cognitive science,” Trends in Cognitive Sciences 4(3): 91-99. http://vorlon.cwru.edu/~beer/Papers/TICS.pdf.
Bustos, E. y Feltrero, R. (2006), “Internet y el acceso al conocimiento: la articulación de lo epistemológico y lo moral”, en A. Pérez y A. Velasco (eds.), Racionalidad teórica y racionalidad práctica en la ciencia. Mexico: Facultad de Filosofía y Letras, UNAM.
Carruthers, P., Stich, S. y Siegal, M. (eds.) (2002), The Cognitive Basis of Science. London: Cambridge University Press.
Churchman, C. W. (1971), The Design of Inquiring Systems. NY: Basic Books.
Clark, A. (1997), Being There: Putting Brain, Body, and World Together Again. Cambridge, Mass.: MIT Press.
Clark, A. (1998), “Embodied, situated and distributed cognition,” in W. Bechtel y G. Graham (eds.), A Companion to Cognitive Science. Malden, MA: Blackwell Publishers.
Clark, A. (2002), “Towards a science of the bio-technological mind,” International Journal of Cognition and Technology 1(1): 21-33.
Clark, A. y Chalmers, D. (1998), “The extended mind,” Analysis 58(1): 7-19.
Dascal, M. (2002), “Language as a cognitive technology,” International Journal of Cognition and Technology 1(1): 35-89. http://www.tau.ac.il/humanities/philos/dascal/papers/ijct-rv.htm.
Di Paolo, E. A., Noble, J. y Bullock, S. (2000), “Simulation models as opaque thought experiments,” in M. A. Bedau, J. S. McCaskill, N. H. Packard y S. Rasmussen (eds.), Artificial Life VII: Proceedings of the Seventh International Conference on Artificial Life (pp. 497-506). Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.
Feltrero, R. (2005), “The role of computers in scientific research: a cognitive approach,” in L. Magnani y R. Dossena (eds.), Computing, Philosophy and Cognition (pp. 1-12). London: King’s College Publications.
Feltrero, R. (en prensa), Tecnologías cognitivas, ¿metodologías convergentes? Barcelona: Anthropos.
Feltrero, R. y Barandiaran, X. (2003), “Conceptual and methodological blending in cognitive science: The role of simulated and robotic models in scientific explanation,” 12th. International Congress of Logic, Methodology and Philosophy of Science (Vol. Abstracts, pp. 171). Oviedo, Spain.
Giere, R. (2002a), Models as Parts of Distributed Cognitive Systems. Disponible en: http://www.tc.umn.edu/~giere/ [2003, 30/08].
Giere, R. (2002b). “Scientific cognition as distributed cognition,” En P. Carruthers, S. Stich y M. Siegal (eds.), The Cognitive Basis of Science. London: Cambridge University Press.
Giere, R. (2003), “The role of computation in scientific cognition,” Journal of Experimental & Theoretical Artificial Intelligence 15: 195-202. http://www.tc. umn.edu/~giere/
Grim, P. (2002), “Philosophy for computers: some explorations in philosophical modeling,” in J. H. Moor y T. W. Bynam (eds.), Cyberphilosophy: The Intersection of Phylosophy and Computing. Oxford: Blackwell Publishing.
Hutchins, E. (1995a), Cognition in the Wild. Cambridge, Ma: MIT Press.
Hutchins, E. (1995b), “How a cockpit remembers its speeds,” Cognitive Science 19: 265-288 .
Hutchins, E. (1999), “Cognitive artifacts,” in R. A. Wilson y F. C. Keil (eds.), The MIT Encyclopedia of the Cognitive Sciences (pp. 126-128). Cambridge, MA: The MIT Press.
Hutchins, E. y Klausen, T. (1996), “Distributed cognition in an airline cockpit,” in D. Middleton y Y. Engeström (eds.), Communication and Cognition at Work. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Kirsh, D. y Maglio, P. (1994), “On distinguishing epistemic from pragmatic action,” Cognitive Science 18: 513-549.
Nersessian, N. (2002), “The cognitive basis of model-based reasoning in science,” in P. Carruthers, S. Stich y M. Siegal (eds.), The Cognitive Basis of Science. London: Cambridge University Press.
Norman, D. A. (1999), The Invisible Computer. Cambridge, Mass.: MIT Press.
Thagard, P. (1988), Computational Philosophy of Science. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.
Thagard, P. (1992), Conceptual Revolutions. Princeton: Princeton University Press.
Thagard, P. (2004), “Computing in the philosophy of science,” in L. Floridi (ed.), Philosophy of Computing and Information, Oxford: Blackwell, pp. 307-317.
Enlaces refback
- No hay ningún enlace refback.
Revista semestral editada por el Centro de Estudios Filosóficos, Políticos
y Sociales Vicente Lombardo Toledano de la Secretaría de Educación Pública,
la Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Iztapalapa y Edicions UIB de la Universitat de les Illes Balears.
Lombardo Toledano 51, Col. Ex-Hda. Guadalupe Chimalistac,
Del. Alvaro Obregón, C.P. 01050, México, D.F.
Tels. (5255) 5661-4679 y 5661-4987
Fax: (5255) 5661-1787