Contribución al debate sobre la categoría “teleología” y otras afines en el contexto de la filosofía de la biología
Resumen
ABSTRACT. CONTRIBUTION TO THE DEBATE
ON THE CATEGORY OF “TELEOLOGY”
It is proposed here an analysis on the category of “teleology” as it is used in philosophy of biology, as well as its distinction with “teleonomy”, “telematics” and “fitness.” A critical review of its history as a concept is made, from its genesis in the four causal theory in Aristotle, through Saint Thomas’ relaboration as theological cosmic cause, to Darwin’s idea of natural selection. We also review the literature published by the leading authors who have studied this issue, such as Colin Pittendrigh, Ernst Mayr or Francisco Ayala.
KEY WORDS. Philosophy of biology, teleology, teleonomy, teleomatics, cause, fitness, natural selection, cosmic cause, natural order, explanation in biology.
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Aristóteles (1982), Metafísica, Madrid: Gredos.
Ayala, F. (1970), “Teleological explanations in evolutionary biology”, Philosophy of Science 37 (1): 1-15.
Caponi, G. (2014), Leyes sin causa y causas sin ley en la explicación biológica, Bogotá: Universidad Nacional de Colombia.
Claramonte, V. (2011), Diseño inteligente: la pseudociencia biológica del s. XXI. Aspectos filosóficos, sociológicos y políticos de la nueva ideología antievolucionista, Saarbrücken: Lambert Academic Publishing.
Marcos, A. (2012), “Figuras contemporáneas de la teleología”, Diálogo Filosófico 83: 4-32.
Mayr, E. (1992), “The idea of teleology”, Journal of the History of Ideas 53 (1): 117-135.
Minelli, A. (2003), The Development of Animal Form. Ontogeny, Morphology, and Evolution. New York: Cambridge University Press.
Pittendrigh, C. (1958), “Adaptation, natural selection and behavior” en Anne Roe and George Gaylord Simpson (eds.), Behavior and Evolution, New Haven: Yale University Press, pp. 390-416.
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